How do fungi, such as mushrooms and molds, obtain their nutrition?

Fungi, including mushrooms and molds, obtain their nutrition primarily through the process of decomposition. They play a crucial role in ecosystems as decomposers, breaking down dead organic matter such as decaying plants and animals. This process involves the secretion of enzymes that break down complex organic materials into simpler compounds, which the fungi can then absorb.

The ability of fungi to decompose organic matter allows them to recycle nutrients back into the soil, benefiting plant life and maintaining the balance of ecosystems. Unlike plants, fungi do not perform photosynthesis; instead, they rely on organic matter for their energy and carbon needs. This is why they are fundamental in nutrient cycling within ecosystems.

The other options do not accurately describe how fungi obtain their nutrition. For instance, while they absorb nutrients from their environment, they do not directly absorb nutrients from soil like plants do, nor do they engage in predation as animals might. Therefore, the ability of fungi to decompose dead organic matter is the correct answer, highlighting their essential role as decomposers in nature.