How does the environment affect the adaptation of species over time?

The adaptation of species over time is significantly influenced by the environment, particularly through the alteration of survival chances. When environmental conditions change, individuals with traits that improve their survival in that specific context are more likely to thrive, reproduce, and pass those advantageous traits to their offspring. This process, known as natural selection, drives the gradual evolution of species, enabling them to better fit into their surroundings. For instance, if a habitat becomes drier, species with traits that allow them to conserve water or seek moisture may survive more effectively than others. Over generations, these traits become more common within the population, showcasing the environment's direct impact on adaptation.

While reproductive rates, geographic isolation, and seasonal changes can also play roles in evolution, they do not directly highlight the link between survival chances and environmental influence as effectively as the understanding of natural selection linked to survival and adaptation does.