How would scientists determine if genetically modified wheat is resistant to moths?

Scientists would determine if genetically modified wheat is resistant to moths by monitoring moth populations in fields planted with the test wheat and normal wheat types. This approach directly assesses the impact of genetic modifications on moth resistance, allowing researchers to observe and compare the behavior of moths with regard to both types of wheat.

By evaluating differences in moth populations in areas where modified and non-modified wheat are cultivated, scientists can gather essential data to ascertain whether the genetic changes made to the wheat effectively deter moths. This type of direct observation is crucial because it reflects real-world conditions and interactions between the crops and pests, providing concrete evidence on the effectiveness of the genetic modification.

Other options, such as monitoring rainfall or conducting surveys of farmer opinions, do not provide direct evidence regarding the wheat's resistance to moths, and comparing growth rates in different climates does not specifically assess pest interactions. Hence, measuring moth populations in fields with both genetically modified and standard wheat represents the most relevant and effective method for addressing the question posed.