Which of the following conditions could effectively be treated with antibiotics?

Strep throat is a bacterial infection caused by the Streptococcus bacteria, and it can be effectively treated with antibiotics. These medications work by targeting the bacterial cells, inhibiting their growth and reproduction. This not only helps in relieving symptoms more quickly but also reduces the risk of complications, such as rheumatic fever or kidney issues, which can arise from untreated strep throat.

In contrast, other conditions mentioned are caused by viruses (such as the flu and common cold) or are chronic viral diseases (like AIDS). Antibiotics are ineffective against viral infections, which is why they are not suitable treatments for the flu, common cold, or AIDS. Understanding the distinction between bacterial infections and viral infections is crucial in determining whether antibiotics would be an appropriate treatment option.