Why do the least specialized animals generally stand the best chance of survival in drastic environmental changes?

The least specialized animals tend to have a broader range of adaptations that allow them to thrive in various conditions, making them more resilient to drastic environmental changes. These animals typically possess generalist traits rather than highly specialized ones, which means they can exploit a wider variety of resources and environments. For instance, they may be able to eat various types of food or survive in different habitats, which provides them with the flexibility to cope with changes such as climate shifts, habitat destruction, or alterations in available food sources.

This adaptability is crucial during environmental upheavals because it enables these animals to find new sources of food, avoid threats, or even move into less affected areas. In contrast, highly specialized animals, which rely on very specific conditions or resources, might struggle to survive if those conditions change drastically. Thus, the ability to adapt to different situations is a key factor in their survival.